Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1991 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

4,574 papers · showing 1851–1900Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2024
    Beyond Prompts: Dynamic Conversational Benchmarking of Large Language ModelsDavid Castillo-Bolado, Joseph K. Davidson, Gray, Finlay, M. Khairul Amri RosaNeurIPS
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  2. 2024
    SSR: Alignment-Aware Modality Connector for Speech Language ModelsWeiting Tan, Hirofumi Inaguma, Ning Dong … Xutai MaInternational Workshop on Spoken Language Translation
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  3. 2024
    Domain Consistency Representation Learning for Lifelong Person Re-IdentificationShiben Liu, Huijie Fan, Qiang Wang … Yang CongIEEE TCSVT
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  4. 2024PDF ↗
  5. 2024PDF ↗
  6. 2025
    DOTA: Distributional Test-Time Adaptation of Vision-Language ModelsZongbo Han, Jia-Long Yang, Junfa Li … Changqing ZhangNeurIPS
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  7. 2024
    Forgetting, Ignorance or Myopia: Revisiting Key Challenges in Online Continual LearningXinrui Wang, Chuanxing Geng, Wenhai Wan … Songcan ChenNeurIPS
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  8. 2024
    Rapid context inference in a thalamocortical model using recurrent neural networksWei‐Long Zheng, Zhongxuan Wu, Ali Hummos … Michael M. HalassaNature Communications · Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Massachusetts Institute of Technology · +3
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  9. 2024
    LW2G: Learning Whether to Grow for Prompt-based Continual LearningQian Feng, Dawei Zhou, Hanbin Zhao … Qian, HuiarXiv
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  10. 2024PDF ↗
  11. 2024
    Temporal Transformer Encoder for Video Class Incremental LearningNattapong Kurpukdee, Adrian G. BorşICIP · University of York
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  12. 2024
    Task-recency bias strikes back: Adapting covariances in Exemplar-Free Class Incremental LearningGrzegorz Rypeść, Sebastian Cygert, T. P. Trzcinski, Bartłomiej TwardowskiNeurIPS
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  13. 2025
    Wake-Sleep Consolidated LearningAmelia Sorrenti, Giovanni Bellitto, Federica Proietto Salanitri … Concetto SpampinatoTNNLS · University of Catania
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  14. 2022
    Exploring the Intersection Between Neural Architecture Search and Continual LearningMohamed Shahawy, Elhadj Benkhelifa, David WhiteTNNLS · University of Staffordshire
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  15. 2024PDF ↗
  16. 2024
    Drift to RememberJin Du, Xinhe Zhang, Hao Shen … Ding, JiearXiv
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  17. 2024
    Persistent Backdoor Attacks in Continual LearningGuo Zhen, Abhinav Kumar, Reza TouraniUSENIX Security Symposium
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  18. 2025
    Towards LifeSpan Cognitive SystemsYu Wang, Chi Han, Tongtong Wu … Julian McAuleyTMLR
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  19. 2024
    A preliminary study on continual learning in computer vision using Kolmogorov-Arnold NetworksAlessandro Cacciatore, Valerio Morelli, Federica Paganica … Daniele BerardiniarXiv
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  20. 2024
    Continual Learning From a Stream of APIsEnneng Yang, Zhenyi Wang, Li Shen … Dacheng TaoTPAMI · Northeastern University · University of Maryland, College Park · +4
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  21. 2024
    Adaptive Margin Global Classifier for Exemplar-Free Class-Incremental LearningZhongren Yao, Xiaobin ChangChinese Conference on Pattern Recognition and Computer Vi…
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  22. 2025
    When Meta-Learning Meets Online and Continual Learning: A SurveyJaehyeon Son, Soochan Lee, Gunhee KimTPAMI · Seoul National University · LG (South Korea)
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  23. 2024
    Knowledge Adaptation Network for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningYe Wang, Yaxiong Wang, Guoshuai Zhao, Xueming QianarXiv
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  24. 2024PDF ↗
  25. 2024PDF ↗
  26. 2025
    Continual Learning of Conjugated Visual Representations through Higher-order Motion FlowsSimone Marullo, Matteo Tiezzi, Marco Gori, Stefano MelacciNeural Networks
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  27. 2025PDF ↗
  28. 2024
    Certified Continual Learning for Neural Network RegressionLong Pham, Jun SunACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing a… · Singapore Management University
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  29. 2024
    A Contrastive Symmetric Forward-Forward Algorithm (SFFA) for Continual Learning TasksErik B. Terres-Escudero, Javier Del Ser, Pablo G. BringasCoLLAs
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  30. 2024
    Open-World Dynamic Prompt and Continual Visual Representation LearningYoungeun Kim, Jun Fang, Qin Zhang … Onkar DabeerECCV
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  31. 2024
    Continuous fake media detection: adapting deepfake detectors to new generative techniquesFrancesco Tassone, Luca Maiano, Irene AmeriniComputer Vision and Image Understanding
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  32. 2024
    Continual Robot Skill and Task Learning via DialogueWeiwei Gu, Suresh Kondepudi, Gupta, Anmol … Nakul GopalanarXiv
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  33. 2024
    CHIRPs: Change-Induced Regret Proxy metrics for Lifelong Reinforcement LearningJohn Birkbeck, A.J. Sobey, Federico Cerutti … Timothy J. NormanarXiv
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  34. 2024
    Vision-Language Navigation with Continual LearningZhiyuan Li, Yanfeng Lv, Zhigang Tu … Hong QiaoarXiv
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  35. 2024
    Latent Distillation for Continual Object Detection at the EdgeFrancesco Pasti, Marina Ceccon, Davide Dalle Pezze … Nicola BellottoECCV
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  36. 2025
    Buffer-based Gradient Projection for Continual Federated LearningShenghong Dai, Jy-yong Sohn, Yicong Chen … Kangwook LeeTMLR
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  37. 2024PDF ↗
  38. 2024
    Towards Rehearsal-Free Multilingual ASR: A LoRA-based Case Study on WhisperTianyi Xu, Kaixun Huang, Pengcheng Guo … Lei XieInterspeech
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  39. 2024PDF ↗
  40. 2024PDF ↗
  41. 2024
    Sequential Editing for Lifelong Training of Speech Recognition ModelsDevang Kulshreshtha, Nikolaos Pappas, B. Houston … Srikanth RonankiInterspeech
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  42. 2025
    Revisiting Class-Incremental Learning with Pre-Trained Models: Generalizability and Adaptivity are All You NeedDa-Wei Zhou, Zi-Wen Cai, Han-Jia Ye … Ziwei LiuIJCV · Nanjing University · Nanyang Technological University
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  43. 2024
    Incremental Open-set Domain AdaptationSayan Rakshit, Hmrishav Bandyopadhyay, Nibaran Das, Biplab BanerjeearXiv
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  44. 2024
    Continual learning with the neural tangent ensembleAri S. Benjamin, Christian Pehle, Kyle DaruwallaNeurIPS
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  45. 2024
    Novel-WD: Exploring acquisition of Novel World Knowledge in LLMs Using Prefix-TuningMaxime Méloux, Christophe CerisaraarXiv · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique · Institut des langues et cultures d'Europe, Amérique, Afrique, Asie et Australie · +1
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  46. 2025
    Theoretical Insights into Overparameterized Models in Multi-Task and Replay-Based Continual LearningMohammadamin Banayeeanzade, Mahdi Soltanolkotabi, Mohammad RostamiTMLR
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  47. 2024PDF ↗
  48. 2024
    Deep Lifelong Cross-Modal HashingLiming Xu, Hanqi Li, Bochuan Zheng … Jiancheng LvIEEE TCSVT · China West Normal University · Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications · +2
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  49. 2024
    A Practitioner's Guide to Continual Multimodal PretrainingKarsten Roth, Vishaal Udandarao, Sebastian Dziadzio … Zeynep AkataarXiv
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  50. 2024
    May the Forgetting Be with You: Alternate Replay for Learning with Noisy LabelsMonica Millunzi, Lorenzo Bonicelli, Angelo Porrello … Simone CalderaraBMVC
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times, and only papers with a PDF we can point you at, so every title opens the paper itself. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.