Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1991 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

31 papers of 4,574Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    PAL: Prompting Analytic Learning with Missing Modality for Multi-Modal Class-Incremental LearningXianghu Yue, Yiming Chen, Xueyi Zhang … Haizhou LiPattern Recognition · Tianjin University · National University of Singapore · +4
    PDF ↗
  2. 2026
    Key-Value Pair-Free Continual Learner via Task-Specific Prompt-PrototypeHaihua Luo, Xuming Ran, Zhengji Li … Fengyu CongNeural Networks · University of Jyväskylä · National University of Singapore · +3
    PDF ↗
  3. 2026
    From Storage to Experience: A Survey on the Evolution of LLM Agent Memory MechanismsJinghao Luo, Yuchen Tian, Chuxue Cao … Jing MaACL · South China Normal University · Hong Kong Baptist University · +3
    PDF ↗
  4. 2026
    PASs-MoE: Mitigating Misaligned Co-drift among Router and Experts via Pathway Activation Subspaces for Continual LearningZhiyan Hou, Haiyun Guo, Haokai Ma … Jinqiao WangACL · Chinese Academy of Sciences · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · +2
    PDF ↗
  5. 2025
    Multi-Modal Continual Learning via Cross-Modality Adapters and Representation Alignment with Knowledge PreservationEvelyn Chee, Wynne Hsu, Mong Li LeeFrontiers · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  6. 2025
    ProtoGuard-Guided PROPEL: Class-Aware Prototype Enhancement and Progressive Labeling for Incremental 3D Point Cloud SegmentationHaosheng Li, Yuecong Xu, Junjie Chen, Kemi DingRA-L · Southern University of Science and Technology · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  7. 2025
    Ferret: An Efficient Online Continual Learning Framework under Varying Memory ConstraintsYuhao Zhou, Yuxin Tian, Jindi Lv … Jiancheng LvCVPR · Sichuan University · National University of Singapore · +3
    PDF ↗
  8. 2025
    Uncertainty-Calibrated Test-Time Model Adaptation Without ForgettingMingkui Tan, Guohao Chen, Jiaxiang Wu … Shuaicheng NiuTPAMI · South China University of Technology · National University of Singapore · +2
    PDF ↗
  9. 2025
    Few-Shot Incremental Learning via Foreground Aggregation and Knowledge Transfer for Audio-Visual Semantic SegmentationJingqiao Xiu, Mengze Li, Zongxin Yang … Roger ZimmermannAAAI · National University of Singapore · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · +4
    PDF ↗
  10. 2024
    Analytic Class Incremental Learning for Sound Source Localization With Privacy ProtectionXinyuan Qian, Xianghu Yue, Jiadong Wang … Haizhou LiIEEE Signal Processing Letters · University of Science and Technology Beijing · National University of Singapore · +4
    PDF ↗
  11. 2024
    UNIKD: UNcertainty-Filtered Incremental Knowledge Distillation for Neural Implicit RepresentationMengqi Guo, Li Chen, Hanlin Chen, Gim Hee LeeECCV · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  12. 2024
    Coherent Temporal Synthesis for Incremental Action SegmentationGuodong Ding, Hans Golong, Angela YaoCVPR · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  13. 2024
    Expandable-RCNN: toward high-efficiency incremental few-shot object detectionYiting Li, Sichao Tian, Haiyue Zhu … Prahlad VadakkepatFrontiers · National University of Singapore · Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · +3
    PDF ↗
  14. 2024
    Summarizing Stream Data for Memory-Constrained Online Continual LearningJianyang Gu, Kai Wang, Wei Jiang, Yang YouAAAI · National University of Singapore · Zhejiang University
    PDF ↗
  15. 2022
    Learning to Predict Gradients for Semi-Supervised Continual LearningYan Luo, Yongkang Wong, Mohan Kankanhalli, Qi ZhaoTNNLS · University of Minnesota · Harvard University · +2
    PDF ↗
  16. 2024
    OEBench: Investigating Open Environment Challenges in Real-World Relational Data StreamsYiqun Diao, Yutong Yang, Qinbin Li … Mian LuVLDB · National University of Singapore · University of California, Berkeley
    PDF ↗
  17. 2023
    Continual Learning for Image Segmentation With Dynamic QueryWeijia Wu, Yuzhong Zhao, Zhuang Li … Mike Zheng ShouIEEE TCSVT · Zhejiang University · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · +2
    PDF ↗
  18. 2023
    Preventing Zero-Shot Transfer Degradation in Continual Learning of Vision-Language ModelsZangwei Zheng, Mingyuan Ma, Kai Wang … Yang YouICCV · National University of Singapore · Berkeley College · +2
    PDF ↗
  19. 2023
    Label-Efficient Online Continual Object Detection in Streaming VideoJay Zhangjie Wu, David Junhao Zhang, Wynne Hsu … Mike Zheng ShouICCV · National University of Singapore · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +1
    PDF ↗
  20. 2023
    Learning to Learn: How to Continuously Teach Humans and MachinesParantak Singh, You Li, Ankur Sikarwar … Mengmi ZhangICCV · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · Nanyang Technological University · +5
    PDF ↗
  21. 2023
    Multi-View Class Incremental LearningDepeng Li, Tianqi Wang, Junwei Chen … Zhigang ZengInformation Fusion · National University of Singapore · Huazhong University of Science and Technology · +1
    PDF ↗
  22. 2023
    Learning with Fantasy: Semantic-Aware Virtual Contrastive Constraint for Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningZeyin Song, Yifan Zhao, Yujun Shi … Yonghong TianCVPR · Peking University · National University of Singapore · +1
    PDF ↗
  23. 2022
    Static-Dynamic Co-Teaching for Class-Incremental 3D Object DetectionNa Zhao, Gim Hee LeeAAAI · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  24. 2022
    Mimicking the Oracle: An Initial Phase Decorrelation Approach for Class Incremental LearningYujun Shi, Kuangqi Zhou, Jian Liang … Vincent Y. F. TanCVPR · National University of Singapore · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +1
    PDF ↗
  25. 2022
    Incremental Few-Shot Object Detection for RoboticsYiting Li, Haiyue Zhu, Sichao Tian … Tong Heng LeeICRA · National University of Singapore · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +2
    PDF ↗
  26. 2022
    Controlling Soft Robotic Arms Using Continual LearningFrancesco Piqué, Hari Teja Kalidindi, Lorenzo Fruzzetti … Egidio FaloticoRA-L · Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  27. 2022
    Preventing Catastrophic Forgetting and Distribution Mismatch in Knowledge Distillation via Synthetic DataKuluhan Binici, Nam Trung Pham, Tulika Mitra, Karianto LemanWACV · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · National University of Singapore · +1
    PDF ↗
  28. 2021
    Bridging Non Co-occurrence with Unlabeled In-the-wild Data for Incremental Object DetectionNa Dong, Yongqiang Zhang, Mingli Ding, Gim Hee LeeNeurIPS · Harbin Institute of Technology · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  29. 2021
    Continual Learning via Bit-Level Information PreservingYujun Shi, Li Yuan, Yunpeng Chen, Jiashi FengCVPR · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  30. 2021
    Direction Concentration Learning: Enhancing Congruency in Machine LearningYan Luo, Yongkang Wong, Mohan Kankanhalli, Qi ZhaoTPAMI · University of Minnesota · National University of Singapore
    PDF ↗
  31. 2019
    Gradient based sample selection for online continual learningRahaf Aljundi, Min Lin, Baptiste Goujaud, Yoshua BengioNeurIPS · KU Leuven · National University of Singapore · +1
    PDF ↗
About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times, and only papers with a PDF we can point you at, so every title opens the paper itself. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.