Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1988 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

311 papers of 6,984 · showing 51–100Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2025
    REP: Resource-Efficient Prompting for Rehearsal-Free Continual LearningSungho Jeon, Xinyue Ma, Kwang In Kim, Myeongjae JeonNeurIPS · Pohang University of Science and Technology · Korea Post · +1
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  2. 2025
    A Minimalistic Unified Framework for Incremental Learning across Image Restoration TasksXiaoxuan Gong, Jie MaNeurIPS · Huazhong University of Science and Technology
  3. 2025
    C$^2$Prompt: Class-aware Client Knowledge Interaction for Federated Continual LearningKunlun Xu, Yibo Feng, Jiangmeng Li … Jiahuan ZhouNeurIPS · Peking University · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · +3
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  4. 2025
    Exploiting Task Relationships in Continual Learning via Transferability-Aware Task EmbeddingsYanru Wu, Jianning Wang, Xiangyu Chen … Yang LiNeurIPS · Tsinghua University · Harbin Institute of Technology · +3
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  5. 2025
    Gradient-Guided Epsilon Constraint Method for Online Continual LearningSong Lai, Changyi Ma, Fei Zhu … Qingfu ZhangNeurIPS · City University of Hong Kong · Chinese University of Hong Kong · +4
  6. 2025
    Hippocampal-like Sequential Editing for Continual Knowledge Updates in Large Language ModelsQuntian Fang, Zhen Huang, Zhiliang Tian … Guotong GengNeurIPS · National University of Defense Technology · United States Department of Defense · +1
  7. 2025
    Learn and Ensemble Bridge Adapters for Multi-domain Task Incremental LearningZiqi Gu, Chunyan Xu, Wenxuan Fang … Zhen CuiNeurIPS · Nanjing University of Science and Technology · Google (United States) · +1
  8. 2025
    Self-Evolving Pseudo-Rehearsal for Catastrophic Forgetting with Task Similarity in LLMsJun Wang, Liang Ding, Shuai Wang … Bo DuNeurIPS · The University of Sydney · Wuhan University · +2
  9. 2025
    Confusion-Driven Self-Supervised Progressively Weighted Ensemble Learning for Non-Exemplar Class Incremental LearningKai Hu, Zhang Yu, Yuan Zhang … Xieping GaoNeurIPS · Xiangtan University · Communication University of China · +2
  10. 2025
    Learning Multi-Source and Robust Representations for Continual LearningFei Ye, yongcheng zhong, Qihe Liu … shijie zhouNeurIPS · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · University of York
  11. 2025
    SPFL: Sequential updates with Parallel aggregation for Enhanced Federated Learning under Category and Domain ShiftsHaoyuan Liang, Shilei Cao, Li Feng Li … Juepeng ZhengNeurIPS · Tsinghua University
  12. 2025
    Tackling Continual Offline RL through Selective Weights Activation on Aligned SpacesJifeng Hu, Sili Huang, Li Chun Shen … Dacheng TaoNeurIPS · Jilin University · Jilin Medical University · +5
  13. 2025
    Dual-Space Semantic Synergy Distillation for Continual Learning of Unlabeled StreamsDonghao Sun, Xi Wang, Xu Yang … Cheng DengNeurIPS · Xidian University · ETH Zurich · +2
  14. 2025
    Evolving and Regularizing Meta-Environment Learner for Fine-Grained Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningLi-Jun Zhao, Zhen-Duo Chen, Yongxin Wang … Xin-Shun XuNeurIPS · Shandong University · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence
  15. 2025
    Federated Continual Learning via Orchestrating Multi-Scale ExpertiseXiaoyang Yi, Yang Liu, Binhan Yang, Jian ZhangNeurIPS · Nankai University · Nanyang Technological University · +1
  16. 2025
    Hybrid Re-matching for Continual Learning with Parameter-Efficient TuningWeicheng Wang, Guoli Jia, Xialei Liu … Jufeng YangNeurIPS · Nankai University · Tsinghua University
  17. 2025
    OVS Meets Continual Learning: Towards Sustainable Open-Vocabulary SegmentationDongjun Hwang, Yejin Kim, Minyoung Lee … Junsuk ChoeNeurIPS · Sogang University · University of Tübingen
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  18. 2025
    The Dual Nature of Plasticity Loss in Deep Continual Learning: Dissection and MitigationHaoyu Wang, Wei Dai, Jiawei Zhang … Yuguo YuNeurIPS · Tianjin University · Fudan University
  19. 2025
    Turning the Tables: Enabling Backward Transfer via Causal-Aware LoRA in Continual LearningChaoyang Li, Runze Ye, Jianyang Qin … Qing LiaoNeurIPS · Harbin Institute of Technology · Peng Cheng Laboratory
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  29. 2024
    Parseval Regularization for Continual Reinforcement LearningWesley Chung, Lynn Cherif, David Meger, Doina PrecupNeurIPS
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  30. 2024
    Adaptive LoRA Merging for Efficient Domain Incremental LearningLuigi Quarantiello, Eric Coleman, Julio Hurtado, Vincenzo LomonacoNeurIPS · University of Warwick
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  31. 2024
    Deep Policy Gradient Methods Without Batch Updates, Target Networks, or Replay BuffersGautham Vasan, Mohamed Elsayed, Alireza Azimi … A. Rupam MahmoodNeurIPS
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  32. 2024
    Dealing with Synthetic Data Contamination in Online Continual LearningMaorong Wang, Nicolas Michel, Jiafeng Mao, Toshihiko YamasakiNeurIPS
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  33. 2024
    An Efficient Memory Module for Graph Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningDong Li, Aijia Zhang, Junqi Gao, Biqing QiNeurIPS
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  34. 2024
    Non-Stationary Learning of Neural Networks with Automatic Soft Parameter ResetAlexandre Galashov, Michalis K. Titsias, András György … Maneesh SahaniNeurIPS
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  35. 2024
    Continual Audio-Visual Sound SeparationWeiguo Pian, Yiyang Nan, Shijian Deng … Yapeng TianNeurIPS
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  38. 2024
    PCoTTA: Continual Test-Time Adaptation for Multi-Task Point Cloud UnderstandingJincen Jiang, Qianyu Zhou, Yuhang Li … Xuequan LuNeurIPS
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  39. 2024
    Incremental Learning of Retrievable Skills For Efficient Continual Task AdaptationDaehee Lee, Minjong Yoo, Woo Kyung Kim … Honguk WooNeurIPS
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  40. 2024PDF ↗
  41. 2024
    Learning Successor Features the Simple WayRaymond Chua, Arna Ghosh, Christos Kaplanis … Doina PrecupNeurIPS
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  42. 2025
    LoRA vs Full Fine-tuning: An Illusion of EquivalenceReece Shuttleworth, Jacob Andreas, Antonio Torralba, Pratyusha SharmaNeurIPS
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  43. 2024PDF ↗
  44. 2024
    Vector Quantization Prompting for Continual LearningJiao Li, Qiuxia Lai, Yu Li, Qiang XuNeurIPS
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  45. 2024
    LLMs Can Evolve Continually on Modality for X-Modal ReasoningJiazuo Yu, Xiong, Haomiao, Pengfei Zhang … Long ChenNeurIPS
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  46. 2024
    How to Continually Adapt Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Flexible Customization?Jiahua Dong, Wenqi Liang, Hongliu Li … Fahad Shahbaz KhanNeurIPS
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  47. 2024PDF ↗
  48. 2025
    Temporal-Difference Variational Continual LearningL. Melo, Alessandro Abate, Yarin GalNeurIPS
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  49. 2024
    Continual Learning in the Frequency DomainRuiqi Liu, Boyu Diao, Libo Huang … Yongjun XuNeurIPS
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  50. 2024
    Happy: A Debiased Learning Framework for Continual Generalized Category DiscoveryShi-Jie Ma, Fei Zhu, Zhun Zhong … Chenglin LiuNeurIPS
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.