Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1991 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

43 papers of 4,574Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Recent Advances of Multimodal Continual Learning: A Comprehensive SurveyDianzhi Yu, Xinni Zhang, Yankai Chen … Irwin KingTNNLS · Chinese University of Hong Kong · Tsinghua University · +1
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  2. 2026
    An Intrinsically Knowledge-Transferring Developmental Spiking Neural Network for Tactile ClassificationJiaqi Xing, Wei Li, Zezheng Zhang … Zhibin ZhangTNNLS · Uppsala University · Qatar University
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  3. 2025
    Training a Dynamic Growing Mixture Model for Lifelong LearningFei Ye, Adrian G. BorşTNNLS · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · University of York
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  4. 2025
    SacFL: Self-Adaptive Federated Continual Learning for Resource-Constrained End DevicesZhengyi Zhong, Weidong Bao, Ji Wang … Wei Yang Bryan LimTNNLS · National University of Defense Technology · Sun Yat-sen University · +2
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  5. 2025
    CoLeCLIP: Open-Domain Continual Learning via Joint Task Prompt and Vocabulary LearningYukun Li, Guansong Pang, Wei Suo … Peng WangTNNLS · Northwestern Polytechnical University · Singapore Management University · +2
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  6. 2022
    Unveiling the Tapestry: The Interplay of Generalization and Forgetting in Continual LearningZenglin Shi, Jie Jing, Ying Sun … Mengmi ZhangTNNLS · Nanyang Technological University · Agency for Science, Technology and Research
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  7. 2025
    HPCR: Holistic Proxy-Based Contrastive Replay for Online Continual LearningHuiwei Lin, Shanshan Feng, Baoquan Zhang … Yunming YeTNNLS · Harbin Institute of Technology · Agency for Science, Technology and Research · +1
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  8. 2025
    Branch-Tuning: Balancing Stability and Plasticity for Continual Self-Supervised LearningWenzhuo Liu, Fei Zhu, Cheng‐Lin LiuTNNLS · Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · +1
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  9. 2025
    Contrastive Continual Multiview Clustering With Filtered Structural FusionXinhang Wan, Jiyuan Liu, Hao Yu … En ZhuTNNLS · National University of Defense Technology · Harbin University of Science and Technology
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  10. 2025
    A Survey on Knowledge Editing of Neural NetworksVittorio Mazzia, Alessandro Pedrani, Andrea Caciolai … Davide BernardiTNNLS · Amazon (United States)
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  11. 2025
    Wake-Sleep Consolidated LearningAmelia Sorrenti, Giovanni Bellitto, Federica Proietto Salanitri … Concetto SpampinatoTNNLS · University of Catania
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  12. 2022
    Exploring the Intersection Between Neural Architecture Search and Continual LearningMohamed Shahawy, Elhadj Benkhelifa, David WhiteTNNLS · University of Staffordshire
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  13. 2025
    Few-Shot Continual Learning via Flat-to-Wide ApproachesM. Anwar Ma’sum, Mahardhika Pratama, Edwin Lughofer … Ryszard KowalczykTNNLS · University of South Australia · Johannes Kepler University of Linz
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  14. 2025
    Multiagent Continual Coordination via Progressive Task ContextualizationLei Yuan, Lihe Li, Ziqian Zhang … Yang YuTNNLS · Nanjing University
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  15. 2022
    Learning to Predict Gradients for Semi-Supervised Continual LearningYan Luo, Yongkang Wong, Mohan Kankanhalli, Qi ZhaoTNNLS · University of Minnesota · Harvard University · +2
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  16. 2021
    Tuned Compositional Feature Replays for Efficient Stream LearningMorgan B. Talbot, Rushikesh Zawar, Rohil Badkundri … Gabriel KreimanTNNLS · Boston Children's Hospital · Harvard–MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology · +6
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  17. 2022
    AdaptCL: Adaptive Continual Learning for Tackling Heterogeneity in Sequential DatasetsYuqing Zhao, Divya Saxena, Jiannong CaoTNNLS · Hong Kong Polytechnic University
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  18. 2025
    Lifelong-MonoDepth: Lifelong Learning for Multidomain Monocular Metric Depth EstimationJunjie Hu, Chenyou Fan, Liguang Zhou … Tin Lun LamTNNLS · Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen · South China Normal University · +2
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  19. 2024
    Lifelong Generative Adversarial AutoencoderFei Ye, Adrian G. BorşTNNLS · University of York
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  20. 2024
    Efficient Bayesian Policy Reuse With a Scalable Observation Model in Deep Reinforcement LearningJinmei Liu, Zhi Wang, Chunlin Chen, Daoyi DongTNNLS · Nanjing University · University of Canberra · +1
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  21. 2024
    Dynamics-Adaptive Continual Reinforcement Learning via Progressive ContextualizationTiantian Zhang, Zichuan Lin, Yuxing Wang … Xiu LiTNNLS · Tencent (China) · Tsinghua University · +1
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  22. 2024
    Uncertainty-Aware Distillation for Semi-Supervised Few-Shot Class-Incremental LearningYawen Cui, Wanxia Deng, Haoyu Chen, Li LiuTNNLS · University of Oulu · National University of Defense Technology
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  23. 2021
    Continual Learning of Generative Models With Limited Data: From Wasserstein-1 Barycenter to Adaptive CoalescenceMehmet Dedeoğlu, Sen Lin, Zhaofeng Zhang, Junshan ZhangTNNLS · Arizona State University · The Ohio State University · +1
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  24. 2021
    Prototype-Guided Memory Replay for Continual LearningStella Ho, Ming Liu, Lan Du … Yong XiangTNNLS · Deakin University · Monash University · +1
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  25. 2023
    InOR-Net: Incremental 3-D Object Recognition Network for Point Cloud RepresentationJiahua Dong, Yang Cong, Gan Sun … Ender KonukoğluTNNLS · Shenyang Institute of Automation · Chinese Academy of Sciences · +4
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  26. 2024
    Deep Class-Incremental Learning From Decentralized DataXiaohan Zhang, Songlin Dong, Jinjie Chen … Xiaopeng HongTNNLS · Xi'an Jiaotong University · Huawei Technologies (China) · +1
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  27. 2023
    Catastrophic Interference in Reinforcement Learning: A Solution Based on Context Division and Knowledge DistillationTiantian Zhang, Xueqian Wang, Bin Liang, Bo YuanTNNLS · University Town of Shenzhen · Tsinghua University
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  28. 2020
    Instance Weighted Incremental Evolution Strategies for Reinforcement Learning in Dynamic EnvironmentsZhi Wang, Chunlin Chen, Daoyi DongTNNLS · University of Canberra · UNSW Sydney · +1
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  29. 2020
    Self-Training for Class-Incremental Semantic SegmentationLu Yu, Xialei Liu, Joost van de WeijerTNNLS · Tianjin University of Technology · Nankai University · +1
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  30. 2020
    Efficient Architecture Search for Continual LearningQiang Gao, Zhipeng Luo, Diego Klabjan, Fengli ZhangTNNLS · Southwestern University of Finance and Economics · Northwestern University · +1
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  31. 2022
    Triple-Memory Networks: A Brain-Inspired Method for Continual LearningLiyuan Wang, Bo Lei, Qian Li … Yi ZhongTNNLS · Chinese Institute for Brain Research · Center for Life Sciences · +1
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  32. 2019
    SpaRCe: Improved Learning of Reservoir Computing Systems Through Sparse RepresentationsLuca Manneschi, Andrew C. Lin, Eleni VasilakiTNNLS · University of Sheffield
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  33. 2023
    Lifelong Mixture of Variational AutoencodersFei Ye, Adrian G. BorşTNNLS · University of York
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  34. 2022
    Incremental Deep Neural Network Learning Using Classification Confidence ThresholdingJustin Leo, Jugal KalitaTNNLS · University of Colorado Colorado Springs
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  35. 2022
    Memory-Efficient Class-Incremental Learning for Image ClassificationHanbin Zhao, Hui Wang, Yongjian Fu … Xi LiTNNLS · Zhejiang University of Science and Technology · Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
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  36. 2022
    Beneficial Perturbation Network for Designing General Adaptive Artificial Intelligence SystemsShixian Wen, Amanda Rios, Yunhao Ge, Laurent IttiTNNLS · University of Southern California
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  37. 2022
    Lifelong Incremental Reinforcement Learning With Online Bayesian InferenceZhi Wang, Chunlin Chen, Daoyi DongTNNLS · Nanjing University · University of Canberra · +1
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  38. 2019
    Overcoming Long-Term Catastrophic Forgetting Through Adversarial Neural Pruning and Synaptic ConsolidationJian Peng, Bo Tang, Hao Jiang … Haifeng LiTNNLS · Central South University · Mississippi State University · +3
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  39. 2019
    Representative Task Self-Selection for Flexible Clustered Lifelong LearningGan Sun, Yang Cong, Qianqian Wang … Yun FuTNNLS · Northeastern University · Shenyang Institute of Automation · +3
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  40. 2021
    Continual Learning Using Bayesian Neural NetworksHonglin Li, Payam Barnaghi, Shirin Enshaeifar, Frieder GanzTNNLS · University of Surrey · UK Dementia Research Institute · +1
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  41. 2021
    Incremental Concept Learning via Online Generative Memory RecallHuaiyu Li, Weiming Dong, Bao-Gang HuTNNLS · Chinese Academy of Sciences · Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence · +2
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  42. 2021
    IncDet: In Defense of Elastic Weight Consolidation for Incremental Object DetectionLiyang Liu, Zhanghui Kuang, Yimin Chen … Wayne ZhangTNNLS · University Town of Shenzhen · Tsinghua University · +2
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  43. 2020
    Continual Learning of Recurrent Neural Networks by Locally Aligning Distributed RepresentationsAlexander G. Ororbia, Ankur Mali, C. Lee Giles, Daniel KiferTNNLS · Rochester Institute of Technology · Pennsylvania State University
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times, and only papers with a PDF we can point you at, so every title opens the paper itself. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.