Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1991 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

761 papers of 4,574 · showing 451–500Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026
    Dual-Stage Invariant Continual Learning under Extreme Visual SparsityRangya Zhang, Jiaping Xiao, Lu Bai … Mir FeroskhanarXiv
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  2. 2026
    HAD: Heterogeneity-Aware Distillation for Lifelong Heterogeneous LearningXuerui Zhang, Xuehao Wang, Zhan Zhuang … Yu ZhangCVPR
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  3. 2026
    Recent Advances of Multimodal Continual Learning: A Comprehensive SurveyDianzhi Yu, Xinni Zhang, Yankai Chen … Irwin KingTNNLS · Chinese University of Hong Kong · Tsinghua University · +1
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  4. 2026
    Evidence of an Emergent "Self" in Continual Robot LearningAdidev Jhunjhunwala, Judah Goldfeder, Hod LipsonarXiv
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  5. 2026PDF ↗
  6. 2026
    Balanced Online Class-Incremental Learning via Dual ClassifiersShunjie Wen, Thomas Heinis, Dong-Wan ChoiACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing · Inha University · Imperial College London
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  7. 2026PDF ↗
  8. 2026PDF ↗
  9. 2026
    Pruned Adaptation Modules: A Simple yet Strong Baseline for Continual Foundation ModelsElif Ceren Gok Yildirim, Murat Onur Yildirim, Joaquin VanschorenarXiv
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  10. 2026
    Reframing Long-Tailed Learning via Loss Landscape GeometryShenghan Chen, Yiming Liu, Yanzhen Wang … Xiankai LuarXiv
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  11. 2026PDF ↗
  12. 2026
    Memento-Skills: Let Agents Design AgentsHuichi Zhou, Siyuan Guo, Anjie Liu … Jun WangarXiv
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  13. 2026PDF ↗
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  15. 2026PDF ↗
  16. 2026PDF ↗
  17. 2026
    Structural Abstraction as an Inductive Bias for Non-Stationary Language Model TrainingElnaz Rahmati, Nona Ghazizadeh, Zhivar Sourati … Morteza DehghaniarXiv
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  18. 2026
    MMKU-Bench: A Multimodal Update Benchmark for Diverse Visual KnowledgeBaochen Fu, Yuntao Du, Cheng Chang … Yi WanarXiv
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  19. 2026
    CATFormer: When Continual Learning Meets Spiking Transformers With Dynamic ThresholdsVaishnavi Nagabhushana, Kartikay Agrawal, Ayon BorthakurarXiv
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  20. 2026
    SCAN: Sparse Circuit Anchor Interpretable Neuron for Lifelong Knowledge EditingYuhuan Liu, Haitian Zhong, Xinyuan Xia … Liang WangarXiv
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  21. 2026PDF ↗
  22. 2026
    Fine-tuning MLLMs Without Forgetting Is Easier Than You ThinkHe Li, Yuhui Zhang, Xiaohan Wang … Serena Yeung-LevyarXiv
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  23. 2026
    Unlearning-based sliding window for continual learning under concept driftMichal Wozniak, Marek Klonowski, Maciej Maczyński, Bartosz KrawczykarXiv
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  24. 2026
    Put the Space of LoRA Initialization to the Extreme to Preserve Pre-trained KnowledgePengwei Tang, Xiaolin Hu, Yong Liu … Debing ZhangAAAI · Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence · Ministry of Education · +3
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  25. 2026
    Decomposing the Neurons: Activation Sparsity via Mixture of Experts for Continual Test Time AdaptationRongyu Zhang, Aosong Cheng, Y. Luo … Yuan DuAAAI · Hong Kong Polytechnic University · Peking University · +3
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  26. 2026
    BOFA: Bridge-Layer Orthogonal Low-Rank Fusion for CLIP-Based Class-Incremental LearningLan Li, Tao Hu, Da-Wei Zhou … De-Chuan ZhanAAAI · Nanjing University
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  27. 2026
    MoETTA: Test-Time Adaptation Under Mixed Distribution Shifts with MoE-LayerNormXiao Fan, Jingyan Jiang, Zhaoru Chen … Zhi WangAAAI · University Town of Shenzhen · Shenzhen Technology University · +1
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  28. 2026
    KSS-MoE: Knowledge Space Synergy Framework in Mixture of Experts for Continual Visual Instruction TuningLingyun Song, Ziyao Chen, Kang Pan … Xuequn ShangAAAI · Northwestern Polytechnical University · San Francisco Bay University · +1
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  29. 2026
    DeLo: Dual Decomposed Low-Rank Experts Collaboration for Continual Missing Modality LearningXiwei Liu, Yulong Li, Feilong Tang, Imran RazzakAAAI · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence
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  30. 2026PDF ↗
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  32. 2026
    Grow-on-Demand: Sparse and Adaptive Expert Expansion for Continual Instruction TuningYing Zhang, Xingyue Guo, Yu Zhao … Xiaojie YuanAAAI · Nankai University · Tiangong University
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  33. 2026
    Learning Adaptive and Expandable Mixture Model for Continual LearningFei Ye, yongcheng zhong, Qihe Liu … Shijie ZhouAAAI · University of Electronic Science and Technology of China · University of York
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  34. 2026
    PAL: Prompting Analytic Learning with Missing Modality for Multi-Modal Class-Incremental LearningXianghu Yue, Yiming Chen, Xueyi Zhang … Haizhou LiPattern Recognition · Tianjin University · National University of Singapore · +4
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  35. 2026
    Rep Deep & Machine Learning: Exemplar-Free Continual Video Action Recognition via Slow-Fast Collaborative LearningXueyi Zhang, Jianhua Zhang, Zheng Li … Huiping ZhuangAAAI · Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · +4
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  36. 2026
    Zero-Forgetting CISS via Dual-Phase Cognitive CascadesYuquan Lu, Yifu Guo, Zishan Xu … Ruixuan WangarXiv
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  37. 2026
    Adversarial Perturbation Shield: Preventing Concept Bleed-through in Continual Learning of Personalized Generative ModelsZiwen Lan, Keisuke Maeda, Takahiro Ogawa, Miki HaseyamaAAAI · Hokkaido University
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  38. 2026
    Better Matching, Less Forgetting: A Quality-Guided Matcher for Transformer-based Incremental Object DetectionQirui Wu, Shizhou Zhang, De Cheng … Peng WangAAAI · Northwestern Polytechnical University · Medrobotics (United States)
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  39. 2026PDF ↗
  40. 2026
    Composition-Incremental Learning for Compositional GeneralizationZhen Li, Yuwei Wu, Chenchen Jing … Yunde JiaAAAI · Beijing Institute of Technology · Zhejiang University of Technology · +2
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  41. 2026
    E-Logic Prompt: Unified Energy-Logic Framework for Continual Visual Question AnsweringJiayao Tan, Tianle Liu, Fuyuan Hu … Liang WanAAAI · State Administration of Cultural Heritage · Suzhou University of Science and Technology
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  42. 2026
    L2-LoRA: Improving Low-Rank Adaptation with Layer-Specific RegularizationXiang Zhang, Rui Xie, Siyuan ZhangAAAI · Peking University
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  43. 2026
    Learning from imperfect data: incremental learning and Few-shot LearningYaoyao LiuAAAI · University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
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  44. 2026
    Memory-efficient Continual Learning with Prototypical Exemplar CondensationMinh-Duong Nguyen, Thien-Thanh Dao, Le-Tuan Duy Nguyen … Kok-Seng WongarXiv
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  45. 2026PDF ↗
  46. 2026
    Time Series Class-Incremental Learning via Confidence-guided Mask Distillation and Prototype-guided Contrastive LearningYu Liu, Haoqin Yang, Jinping Sui … Qi JiaAAAI · Dalian University of Technology · United States Naval Academy · +1
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  47. 2026PDF ↗
  48. 2026
    Dual-CBA: Improving Online Continual Learning via Dual Continual Bias Adaptors From a Bi-level Optimization PerspectiveHong Wang, Renzhen Wang, Yichen Wu … Deyu MengTPAMI · Xi'an Jiaotong University · Harvard University · +1
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  49. 2026
    PADP: progressive and adaptive data pruning for efficient incremental learningBiqing Duan, Di Liu, Zhenli He … Shengfa MiaoScientific Reports · Yunnan University · NTNU Samfunnsforskning
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  50. 2026
    XSkill: Continual Learning from Experience and Skills in Multimodal AgentsGuanyu Jiang, Zhaochen Su, Xiaoye Qu, Y. K. Catherine FungICML
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times, and only papers with a PDF we can point you at, so every title opens the paper itself. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.