Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1991 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

168 papers of 4,574 · showing 1–50Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2026PDF ↗
  2. 2026
    LCA: Local Classifier Alignment for Continual LearningTung Anh Tran, Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas, Khoat ThanICLR
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  3. 2026PDF ↗
  4. 2026
    IDER: IDempotent Experience Replay for Reliable Continual LearningZhanwang Liu, Yuting Li, Haoyuan Gao … Weiran HuangICLR
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  5. 2026
    Revisiting Weight Regularization for Low-Rank Continual LearningYaoyue Zheng, Yin Zhang, Joost van de Weijer … Zhiqiang TianICLR
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  6. 2026PDF ↗
  7. 2026
    KeepLoRA: Continual Learning with Residual Gradient AdaptationMao-Lin Luo, Zihao Zhou, Yi-Lin Zhang … Min-Ling ZhangICLR
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  8. 2026
    MERGETUNE: Continued fine-tuning of vision-language modelsWenqing Wang, Da Li, Xiatian Zhu, Josef KittlerICLR
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  9. 2026PDF ↗
  10. 2026PDF ↗
  11. 2025PDF ↗
  12. 2025
    Heads collapse, features stay: Why Replay needs big buffersLanzillotta, Giulia, Meier, Damiano, Hofmann, ThomasICLR
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  13. 2025
    A theory of initialisation’s impact on specialisationDevon Jarvis, Sebastian Lee, Clémentine Carla Juliette Dominé … Stefano Sarao MannelliICLR · University of the Witwatersrand · Simons Foundation · +6
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  14. 2025PDF ↗
  15. 2025PDF ↗
  16. 2025PDF ↗
  17. 2025PDF ↗
  18. 2025PDF ↗
  19. 2025
    Optimal protocols for continual learning via statistical physics and control theoryFrancesco Mori, Stefano Sarao Mannelli, Francesca MignaccoICLR · University of Oxford · University of the Witwatersrand · +4
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  20. 2025
    Rethinking Continual Learning with Progressive Neural CollapseZheng Wang, Wenhua Yu, Yang Li, Sen LinICLR
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  21. 2025PDF ↗
  22. 2025PDF ↗
  23. 2025
    Privacy-Aware Lifelong LearningOzan Özdenizci, Elmar Rueckert, Robert LegensteinICLR
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  24. 2025PDF ↗
  25. 2025
    Sculpting Subspaces: Constrained Full Fine-Tuning in LLMs for Continual LearningN. Nayak, Krishnateja Killamsetty, Ligong Han … Akash SrivastavaICLR
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  26. 2025
    Meta-Continual Learning of Neural FieldsSeongyoun Woo, Yun, Junhyeog, Gunhee KimICLR
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  27. 2025
    Enhanced Continual Learning of Vision-Language Models with Model FusionHaoyuan Gao, Zicong Zhang, Wei, Yuqi … Weiran HuangICLR
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  28. 2025
    CLDyB: Towards Dynamic Benchmarking for Continual Learning with Pre-trained ModelsShengzhuang Chen, Liao, Yikai, Xiaoxiao Sun … Ying WeiICLR
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  29. 2025
    STAR: Stability-Inducing Weight Perturbation for Continual LearningMasih Eskandar, Tooba Imtiaz, Hill, Davin … Jennifer DyICLR
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  30. 2025
    Advancing Prompt-Based Methods for Replay-Independent General Continual LearningZhiqi Kang, Liyuan Wang, Xingxing Zhang, Karteek AlahariICLR
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  31. 2024
    Accurate Forgetting for Heterogeneous Federated Continual LearningAbudukelimu Wuerkaixi, Sen Cui, Jingfeng Zhang … Masashi SugiyamaICLR
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  32. 2025PDF ↗
  33. 2025PDF ↗
  34. 2025PDF ↗
  35. 2025
    Spurious Forgetting in Continual Learning of Language ModelsJunhao Zheng, Cai, Xidi, Shengjie Qiu, Qianli MaICLR
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  36. 2025
    SD-LoRA: Scalable Decoupled Low-Rank Adaptation for Class Incremental LearningYichen Wu, Hongming Piao, Long-Kai Huang … Ying WeiICLR
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  37. 2025
    Efficient Online Reinforcement Learning Fine-Tuning Need Not Retain Offline DataZhiyuan Zhou, Peng, Andy, Qiyang Li … Aviral KumarICLR
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  38. 2025PDF ↗
  39. 2025PDF ↗
  40. 2025
    Plastic Learning with Deep Fourier FeaturesAlex Lewandowski, Dale Schuurmans, Marlos C. MachadoICLR
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  41. 2025PDF ↗
  42. 2025
    Closed-form merging of parameter-efficient modules for Federated Continual LearningRiccardo Salami, Pietro Buzzega, Matteo Mosconi … Simone CalderaraICLR
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  43. 2025
    LiNeS: Post-training Layer Scaling Prevents Forgetting and Enhances Model MergingKe Wang, Nikolaos Dimitriadis, Alessandro Favero … Pascal FrossardICLR
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  44. 2025PDF ↗
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  46. 2025
    Adapt-∞: Scalable Continual Multimodal Instruction Tuning via Dynamic Data SelectionAdyasha Maharana, Jaehong Yoon, Tianlong Chen, Mohit BansalICLR
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  47. 2025
    Neuroplastic Expansion in Deep Reinforcement LearningJiashun Liu, Johan Obando-Ceron, Aaron Courville, Ling PanICLR
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  48. 2025
    LeanAgent: Lifelong Learning for Formal Theorem ProvingAdarsh Kumarappan, Mohit Tiwari, Peiyang Song … Anima AnandkumarICLR
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  49. 2024PDF ↗
  50. 2025
    Self-Updatable Large Language Models by Integrating Context into Model ParametersYu Wang, Xinshuang Liu, Xiusi Chen … Julian McAuleyICLR
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times, and only papers with a PDF we can point you at, so every title opens the paper itself. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.