Related work

The foundational work on continual learning, 1991 to 2026: methods, theory, benchmarks, surveys, and the neuroscience of memory. Updated weekly; some carry our notes.

352 papers of 4,574 · showing 51–100Sort Recent · Most cited
  1. 2021
    Behavioral Experiments for Understanding Catastrophic ForgettingSamuel J. Bell, Neil D. LawrencearXiv · University of Cambridge
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  2. 2021
    Class Incremental Online Streaming LearningSoumya Banerjee, Vinay Kumar Verma, Toufiq Parag … Vinay P. NamboodiriarXiv · Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur · Duke University · +1
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  3. 2021
    A Simple Approach to Continual Learning by Transferring Skill ParametersK.R. Zentner, Ryan Julian, Ujjwal Puri … Gaurav S. SukhatmearXiv
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  4. 2021PDF ↗
  5. 2021
    Dendritic Self-Organizing Maps for Continual LearningKosmas Pinitas, Spyridon Chavlis, Panayiota PoiraziarXiv · Technical University of Crete · Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas
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  6. 2021
    Co-Transport for Class-Incremental LearningDa-Wei Zhou, Han-Jia Ye, De‐Chuan ZhanACM International Conference on Multimedia · Nanjing University
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  7. 2021
    CoReD: Generalizing Fake Media Detection with Continual Representation using DistillationMinha Kim, Shahroz Tariq, Simon S. WooACM MM · Sungkyunkwan University
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  8. 2021
    An EM Framework for Online Incremental Learning of Semantic SegmentationShipeng Yan, Jiale Zhou, Jiangwei Xie … Xuming HeACM International Conference on Multimedia · ShanghaiTech University · Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology · +1
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  9. 2021
    When Video Classification Meets Incremental ClassesHanbin Zhao, Xin Qin, Shihao Su … Xi LiACM International Conference on Multimedia · Zhejiang University
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  10. 2021
    Growing Representation LearningRyan King, Bobak J. MortazaviarXiv
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  11. 2021
    Carousel Memory: Rethinking the Design of Episodic Memory for Continual LearningSoobee Lee, Minindu Weerakoon, Jonghyun Choi … Myeongjae JeonarXiv · Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology · Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology · +1
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  12. 2021
    Online Continual Learning in Image Classification: An Empirical SurveyZheda Mai, Ruiwen Li, Jihwan Jeong … Scott SannerNeurocomputing · University of New Brunswick · University of Toronto · +1
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  13. 2021
    Block Contextual MDPs for Continual LearningShagun Sodhani, Franziska Meier, Joëlle Pineau, Amy ZhangConference on Learning for Dynamics & Control · Meta (Israel)
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  14. 2021
    Flattening Sharpness for Dynamic Gradient Projection Memory Benefits Continual LearningDanruo Deng, Guangyong Chen, Jianye Hao … Pheng‐Ann HengNeurIPS · Chinese University of Hong Kong · Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology · +1
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  15. 2021
    Omnidirectional Transfer for Quasilinear Lifelong LearningJayanta Dey, Joshua T Vogelstein, Hayden S. Helm … Carey E. PriebeResearch Square · Johns Hopkins University · Baylor College of Medicine · +1
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  16. 2021
    Hypernetworks for Continual Semi-Supervised LearningDhanajit Brahma, Vinay Kumar Verma, Piyush RaiarXiv · Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
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  17. 2021
    GROWN: GRow Only When Necessary for Continual LearningYang, Li, Sen Lin, Junshan Zhang, Deliang FanarXiv
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  18. 2021
    Co2L: Contrastive Continual LearningHyuntak Cha, Jaeho Lee, Jinwoo ShinICCV · Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
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  19. 2021PDF ↗
  20. 2021
    SS-IL: Separated Softmax for Incremental LearningHongjoon Ahn, Jihwan Kwak, Subin Lim … Taesup MoonICCV · Sungkyunkwan University · Seoul National University
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  21. 2021
    Always Be Dreaming: A New Approach for Data-Free Class-Incremental LearningJames Smith, Yen-Chang Hsu, Jonathan Balloch … Zsolt KiraICCV · Georgia Institute of Technology · Samsung (United States) · +1
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  22. 2021
    RECALL: Replay-based Continual Learning in Semantic SegmentationAndrea Maracani, Umberto Michieli, Marco Toldo, Pietro ZanuttighICCV · University of Padua
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  23. 2021
    Rehearsal revealed: The limits and merits of revisiting samples in continual learningEli Verwimp, Matthias De Lange, Tinne TuytelaarsICCV · KU Leuven
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  24. 2021
    Online Continual Learning with Natural Distribution Shifts: An Empirical Study with Visual DataZhipeng Cai, Ozan Şener, Vladlen KoltunICCV · Intel (United States)
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  25. 2021
    Deep Metric Learning for Open World Semantic SegmentationJun Cen, Yun Peng, Junhao Cai … Ming LiuICCV · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Sun Yat-sen University
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  26. 2021
    Synthesized Feature based Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning on a Mixture of SubspacesAli Cheraghian, Shafin Rahman, Sameera Ramasinghe … Mehrtash HarandiICCV · Australian National University · Data61 · +2
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  27. 2021
    Generalized and Incremental Few-Shot Learning by Explicit Learning and Calibration without ForgettingAnna Kukleva, Hilde Kuehne, Bernt SchieleICCV · Max Planck Society · Max Planck Innovation · +4
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  28. 2021
    Wanderlust: Online Continual Object Detection in the Real WorldJianren Wang, Xin Wang, Yue Shang-Guan, Abhinav GuptaICCV · Carnegie Mellon University · Microsoft Research (United Kingdom) · +1
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  29. 2021
    Class-Incremental Learning for Action Recognition in VideosJaeyoo Park, Minsoo Kang, Bohyung HanICCV · Seoul National University
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  30. 2021
    Powerpropagation: A sparsity inducing weight reparameterisationJonathan Schwarz, Siddhant M. Jayakumar, Razvan Pascanu … Yee Whye TehNeurIPS · Google (United States)
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  31. 2021
    Continual Learning on Noisy Data Streams via Self-Purified ReplayChris Dongjoo Kim, Jinseo Jeong, Sangwoo Moon, Gunhee KimICCV · Seoul National University
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  32. 2021
    Online Continual Learning For Visual Food ClassificationJiangpeng He, Fengqing ZhuICCV · Purdue University West Lafayette
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  33. 2021
    Continual Neural Mapping: Learning An Implicit Scene Representation from Sequential ObservationsZike Yan, Yuxin Tian, Xuesong Shi … Hongbin ZhaICCV · King University · Peking University · +1
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  34. 2021
    Few-Shot and Continual Learning with Attentive Independent MechanismsEugene Lee, Cheng‐Han Huang, Chen‐Yi LeeICCV · National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
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  35. 2021
    Continual Learning for Image-Based Camera LocalizationShuzhe Wang, Zakaria Laskar, Iaroslav Melekhov … Juho KannalaICCV · Aalto University · Kaneka (United States)
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  36. 2021PDF ↗
  37. 2021PDF ↗
  38. 2021
    Towards a theory of out-of-distribution learningJayanta Dey, Ali Geisa, Ronak Mehta … Joshua T. VogelsteinarXiv
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  39. 2021
    Dynamic Regret Analysis for Online Meta-LearningParvin Nazari, Esmaile KhorramarXiv · Amirkabir University of Technology
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  40. 2021
    Formalizing the Generalization-Forgetting Trade-off in Continual LearningKrishnan Raghavan, Prasanna BalaprakashNeurIPS · Argonne National Laboratory
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  41. 2021
    Behavior Self-Organization Supports Task Inference for Continual Robot LearningMuhammad Burhan Hafez, Stefan WermterIROS · Universität Hamburg · Hamburg University of Technology
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  42. 2021
    Towards Generalized and Incremental Few-Shot Object DetectionYiting Li, Haiyue Zhu, Jun Ma … Tong Heng LeearXiv
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  43. 2021
    Structured Ensembles: an Approach to Reduce the Memory Footprint of Ensemble MethodsJary Pomponi, Simone Scardapane, Aurelio UnciniNeural Networks · Sapienza University of Rome
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  44. 2021
    A distillation-based approach integrating continual learning and federated learning for pervasive servicesAnastasiia Usmanova, François Portet, Philippe Lalanda, Germán VegaarXiv · Institut polytechnique de Grenoble · Gemalto (Israel) · +4
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  45. 2021
    S2OSC: A Holistic Semi-Supervised Approach for Open Set ClassificationYang Yang, Hongchen Wei, Zhenqiang Sun … Jian YangACM Transactions · Nanjing University of Science and Technology · Nanjing Normal University · +3
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  46. 2021PDF ↗
  47. 2021
    Statistical Mechanical Analysis of Catastrophic Forgetting in Continual Learning with Teacher and Student NetworksHaruka Asanuma, Shiro Takagi, Yoshihiro Nagano … Masato OkadaJournal of the Physical Society of Japan · The University of Tokyo · University of Tsukuba · +1
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  48. 2021
    Learning offline: memory replay in biological and artificial reinforcement learningEmma L. Roscow, Raymond Chua, Rui Ponte Costa … Nathan F. LeporaTrends in Neurosciences · Centre de Recerca Matemàtica · McGill University · +2
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  49. 2021
    Federated Reconnaissance: Efficient, Distributed, Class-Incremental LearningSean M. Hendryx, Dharma Kc, Bradley Walls, Clayton T. MorrisonarXiv · University of Arizona
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  50. 2021
    Memory-Free Generative Replay For Class-Incremental LearningXiaomeng Xin, Yiran Zhong, Yunzhong Hou … Liang ZhengarXiv
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About this index

We keep this list because we read the field and wanted one place to see it. It covers work on continual learning itself, in the core areas of machine learning, and leaves out papers that apply it inside another field, such as medical imaging or fault diagnosis. It lists only papers we have a reason to trust: published at a venue like NeurIPS, ICML, ICLR, CVPR or TPAMI, or led by someone who has published there, or cited a few hundred times, and only papers with a PDF we can point you at, so every title opens the paper itself. Preprints that later get accepted, and authors who later publish at those venues, are picked up by the weekly run. It is seeded from the community lists kept by ContinualAI and by Xialei Liu, then filled out from OpenAlex, and every week a script looks for new papers on OpenAlex and arXiv. A model reads each candidate and decides whether it belongs; a person reviews the additions before they go live. Authors and affiliations come from OpenAlex, so a recent preprint can lack its institutions for a week or two.

Missing something, or filed under the wrong venue? Write to hello@unify.ai with the arXiv id or DOI.